What Are the Differences Between Vitamin K2 MK-4 and MK-7?

Vitamin K2, also known as menaquinone, is a fat-soluble vitamin that plays a crucial role in several physiological processes within the body. It is a lesser-known form of vitamin K compared to its more well-known counterpart, vitamin K1 (phylloquinone), which is primarily involved in blood clotting. Vitamin K2, on the other hand, has diverse functions that are essential for overall health.


The primary role of Vitamin K2 is to regulate calcium metabolism in the body. It does this by activating certain proteins that help ensure calcium is properly utilized and distributed in the body. Here are a few key functions of Vitamin K2:

  1.           Bone Health: Vitamin K2 helps direct calcium into the bones and teeth, contributing to bone mineralization and strength. It activates a protein called osteocalcin, which assists in binding calcium to the bone matrix.
  2. Heart Health: Vitamin K2 also plays a role in cardiovascular health by preventing the accumulation of calcium in arteries and blood vessels, which can contribute to atherosclerosis (the hardening and narrowing of arteries).
  3.  Dental Health: This vitamin is associated with dental health as well, helping to ensure that calcium is properly deposited in tooth enamel, which helps maintain strong teeth.
  4. Cancer Prevention: Some research suggests that Vitamin K2 might have a protective effect against certain types of cancer, although more studies are needed to establish a definitive link.
  5. Brain Health: Emerging research indicates that Vitamin K2 might have a role in brain health and neuroprotection, though further investigation is required to fully understand this potential.

Sources of Vitamin K2 are somewhat limited in the typical Western diet. It's found in fermented foods like natto (a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans), certain cheeses (such as Gouda and Brie), and animal products from animals that are grass-fed or pasture-raised.


Understanding the difference between MK-4 and MK-7

Vitamin K-2 comes in two forms. The "MK" in MK-4 and MK-7 stands for menaquinone, and the numbers (4 and 7) refer to the length of the side chain structure in the molecule. The main differences between vitamin MK-4, and MK-7 lie in their sources, functions, absorption patterns, and half-lives. Vitamin K1 is primarily associated with blood clotting, while MK-4 and MK-7 are forms of vitamin K2 with potential roles in bone health and cardiovascular health. MK-7, in particular, is notable for its longer half-life and potential benefits on bone and cardiovascular health. 

Here are the key differences between MK-4 and MK-7:

  1.           Structure: The main difference between MK-4 and MK-7 lies in their chemical structures. MK-4 has a shorter side chain with four isoprene units, while MK-7 has a longer side chain with seven isoprene units. This structural difference affects their bioavailability and potential health benefits.
  2. Sources: MK-4 is typically found in animal products such as meat, poultry, and dairy, and it can also be synthesized in the body from vitamin K1. MK-7 is commonly found in fermented foods like natto, a Japanese dish made from soybeans, and in smaller amounts in some types of cheese.
  3.  Bioavailability: MK-7 is generally considered to have greater bioavailability and a longer half-life in the body compared to MK-4. This means that MK-7 can remain in the bloodstream for a longer duration, potentially requiring less frequent supplementation.
  4. Function: Both MK-4 and MK-7 are involved in regulating calcium metabolism and ensuring that calcium is properly deposited in bones and teeth rather than in soft tissues like arteries, where it can contribute to cardiovascular issues. They do this by activating specific proteins known as osteocalcin and matrix Gla-protein (MGP).
  5. Health Benefits: Studies suggest that both MK-4 and MK-7 can provide health benefits, particularly in supporting bone health and reducing the risk of arterial calcification. However, some research indicates that MK-7 might be more effective in promoting these benefits due to its longer half-life and potentially better absorption.
  6. Supplementation: Both MK-4 and MK-7 are available as dietary supplements. People who are looking to supplement their vitamin K2 intake often opt for MK-7 supplements due to its perceived better bioavailability.

What does “longer half-life” mean in terms of MK-7?

It means that vitamin K-2 MK-7 stays in the body's bloodstream and tissues for a more extended period. This can lead to benefits such as consistent availability, potentially requiring fewer doses, and steady support for bone health and other functions. However, the effectiveness of any supplement depends on various factors, so consulting a healthcare professional is wise before making decisions about supplementation.

As with any nutrient, it's important to maintain a balanced diet and consult with a healthcare professional before considering any significant dietary changes or supplementation. Vitamin K2 deficiency is relatively rare but can occur, particularly in people with certain health conditions or dietary restrictions. If you're concerned about your Vitamin K2 intake or any other aspect of your health, it's best to consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

 

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